• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The elimination system of the front and rear resistance of the vehicles that circulate through tunnels and air ducts, consists of using pairs of fans or turbines in counter-rotation in the front, rear or side that suck the air in front of the nose of the vehicles and they send it through internal conduits or through the outside area of the vehicle to the rear area thereof. Reducing or avoiding the resistance to the advance, both the front and rear of the vehicle and the propagation of the waves along the tunnels. This is important at high speeds and when the tunnels are long. The section of the tunnel also influences that of the car. Which forces to make tunnels of greater diameter and therefore more expensive. The overpressures produced are also harmful, since they force the reinforcement of the tunnel lining.
    公开号:ES2692893A1
    申请号:ES201700041
    申请日:2016-12-29
    公开日:2018-12-05
    发明作者:Manuel MUÑOZ SÁIZ
    申请人:Manuel MUÑOZ SÁIZ；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION

    System eliminating the front and rear resistance of vehicles circulating through tunnels and air ducts.
     5
    Field of the Invention

    In transport of passengers and merchandise through tunnels and air-filled ducts, mainly on both levitated and non-levitated trains.
     10
    State of the art

    Current trains have great difficulties when traveling at high speed through the tunnels, especially in the long ones. The solutions adopted are not appropriate enough to avoid or solve the inconveniences: Tunnel diameters are enlarged, 15 which is expensive, flare nozzles, perforated nozzles and chimneys are placed. That only partially alleviate the problem. With which it is not allowed to circulate at great speeds. To solve said problem, the present invention uses a simple and practical way.

    Object of the invention and advantages 20

    Get faster and simpler vehicles that circulate through tunnels and air-filled ducts.

    Provide vehicles with an economic system that is not affected by winds, dust, sand, 25 or meteorology and can compete with the plane for short and medium distances.

    The front and rear feed resistance is eliminated by the suction applied to the nose and the pressure on the tail of the car.
     30
    The compression wave is avoided when the head of the train enters the tunnel and propagation of the pressure waves that occur along the trains and by the shock wave produced by the introduction of the tail into the tunnel.

    Travelers are less affected by the sudden pressure changes in the tunnels. 35

    Take advantage of most of the energy applied in the propulsion.

    In ultralight trains, propulsion is carried out with minimal energy expenditure, which is why:
     40
    Reduce the cost per kg transported.

    Reduce energy expenditure.

    The transport is more ecological, does not pollute or produce C02 45

    It allows to reach very high speeds.

    Problem to solve
     fifty
    Avoid the resistance to the advance, both the front and the rear of the vehicle and the propagation of the waves along the tunnels. Allowing to reach high speeds without the need for an increase in the energy expenditure necessary to perform said resistance reduction.
    Using for this some fans or turbines that transfer part of the accumulated or pressurized air in the front area to the rear, of depression or of suction.

    Description of the invention
     5
    The eliminating system of the front and rear resistance of the vehicles that circulate through tunnels and air ducts consists of using pairs of fans or turbines in counter-rotation in the front, rear or side area that suck the air in front of the nose of the vehicles and They send it through internal ducts or through the outside area of the vehicle to the rear of the vehicle. Reducing or avoiding the resistance to the advance, as much the frontal as the 10 back of the vehicle and the propagation of the waves along the barrels.

    This is important at high speeds and when the tunnels are long. The tunnel section also influences that of the car or vehicle. The closer they are, the less space there is between them and the resistance is greater. Which forces to make tunnels of greater diameter 15 and therefore more expensive. The overpressures that are produced are also detrimental since they force the tunnel lining next to the vehicle to be reinforced.

    These aerodynamic phenomena are translated on the one hand in sudden variations of pressure inside the vehicle that cause discomfort for the passenger and on the other hand in an increase in the resistance to the advance that reduces the speed of circulation.

    When the nose or head of a vehicle or wagon train enters the tunnel, a compression wave is produced that is transmitted at the speed of sound along the tunnel and is reflected as a wave of depression when it reaches the exit mouth. The pressure in the head of the vehicle 25 increases as the train continues to enter the tunnel and has its maximum when the train's tail enters. This peak pressure value depends on several factors: The blocking coefficient (quotient between the section of the car or vehicle and the tunnel section), the lower the blocking coefficient, the lower the maximum pressure; the length of the vehicle; vehicle speed and, to a lesser extent, the shape of the vehicle's head. 30

    After the entry of the tail of the vehicle, a wave of depression occurs that spreads to the head at the speed of sound and when it reaches the exit mouth is reflected as a compression wave. When this wave of depression reaches the head of the vehicle, there is a sharp drop in pressure until it reaches a minimum that will depend on the abruptness in the introduction phase of the vehicle's tail and the actual thickness of the boundary layer. When the primary wave reflected by the depression wave caused by the train's tail entry is at the same moment, the greatest pressure drop will occur when the two pressures are added.
     40
    Damping devices are used at the entrance and exit of the tunnel such as the use of clogged mouths. They are used in short tunnels which is where the criterion of maximum pressure variation is more restrictive.

    During the circulation inside the tunnel there is an increase in aerodynamic drag that opposes the movement, compared to the one at the same speed of the vehicle in its movement outside the tunnel. The speed induced by the train itself is influenced by the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle. Another factor that influences aerodynamic drag is roughness, so it tends to use as smooth surfaces as possible. They are interested in smooth coatings inside the tunnels. fifty

    The choice of the diameter of the tunnel determines the volume of excavation and surface of necessary coating that are the two factors that most influence the cost. We too
    determine the magnitudes of the physical phenomena explained above, that is, the operating conditions.

    The comfort of the travelers will give us a minimum level for the section of the tunnel, which is a function of the section and speed of the train, the length of the tunnel and the degree of watertightness of the cars. The comfort of travelers is a physiological and subjective perception of displeasure caused by changes in pressure in short periods of time.

    External pressure changes due to waves are transmitted inside because the wagons are not completely watertight. 10

    The propulsion is carried out with the suction or the air jets sent by the turbines and with electric motors that apply their rotation to the wheels. The wagons are powered electrically using the track rails, capturing the current with flexible brushes or straps, with fuel cells or circulating alternating current through about 15 capacitors formed by electric metal bands along the conduit and The wagons The current can also be transferred by said metal bands into the interior by electromagnetic or radiofrequency waves. The latter is interesting at very high speeds.
     twenty

    Brief description of the drawings

    Figure 1 shows a schematic and partially sectioned longitudinally view of a car and tunnel or duct of the system of the invention. 25

    Figure 2 shows a schematic view and partially sectioned longitudinally of a variant of car and tunnel or duct of the system of the invention.

    Figure 3 shows a schematic and partially cross-sectional view of a variant of car and tunnel or duct of the system of the invention.

    Figure 4 shows a schematic and partially cross-sectional view of a variant of car and tunnel or duct of the system of the invention.
     35
    More detailed description of an embodiment

    Figure 1 shows a possible embodiment of the invention, with the car (1) inside the tunnel whose lining is (2), with the fans, fans or turbines (3i) in the central front area and the (3e ) in the upper or outer zone, use three wheels (4) on each side. The 40 arrows indicate the path of the air flow.

    Figure 2 shows a variant of wagon (1) inside the tunnel whose lining is (2), with the fans, fans or turbines (3i) in the front central area. It does not carry external turbines, passing most of the air inside the vehicle. Four. Five

    Use three wheels (4) on each side. The arrows indicate the path of the main air stream.

    Figure 3 shows the car (1) inside the tunnel whose lining is (2), with the fans, 50 fans or turbines (3i) in the central front area. It does not carry external turbines, passing most of the air inside the vehicle.

    Figure 4 shows the car (1) inside the tunnel whose lining is (2), with the fans, fans or turbines (3i) in the central front area and (3e) in the upper or outer zone. The air is sucked through the internal and external areas of the vehicle.

    5
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]

    1. Elimination system of the front and rear resistance of vehicles circulating in tunnels and air ducts, using fans or turbines comprising:
     5
    a) A tunnel or conduit, through which a vehicle with one or more wagons circulates,
    b) Means of propulsion of the wagons,
    c) A power supply system for wagons. 10

    [2]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that, as means of propulsion of the wagons, pairs of counter-rotating fans or turbines operated with electric motors are used.
     fifteen
    [3]
    3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that as propulsion means uses electric motors that drive the wheels.

    [4]
    4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that batteries are used as power supply means. twenty

    [5]
    5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that fuel cells are used as power supply means.

    [6]
    6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric current applied to the two rails is used as power supply means 25, which is picked up by means of flexible brushes or straps.

    [7]
    7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that electric metal bands are used as electrical supply means along the conduit and the wagons, which act as capacitors for alternating currents.

    [8]
    8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that electric metal bands are used as electrical power means along the duct and the wagons, which are captured inside the car or vehicle by electromagnetic or radiofrequency waves.

    [9]
    9. Procedure for eliminating the front and rear resistance of vehicles that circulate through tunnels and air ducts, which consists of using pairs of fans or turbines in rotation in the front, rear or side area that suck the air in front of the nose. of the vehicles and send it through internal ducts or through the outer area of the vehicle to the rear area of the vehicle, reducing or avoiding the resistance to the advance, both the front and the rear of the vehicles and the propagation of the waves along the The tunnels
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2692893B1|2019-09-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2842242A1|2020-01-13|2021-07-13|Zeleros Global S L|GAS FLOW CHANNELING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES DRIVEN BY COMPRESSED GAS JET IN CONFINED LOW PRESSURE ENVIRONMENTS |
    法律状态:
    2018-12-05| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2692893 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20181205 |
    2019-09-10| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2692893 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20190910 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700041A|ES2692893B1|2016-12-29|2016-12-29|System eliminating the front and rear resistance of vehicles circulating through tunnels and air ducts.|ES201700041A| ES2692893B1|2016-12-29|2016-12-29|System eliminating the front and rear resistance of vehicles circulating through tunnels and air ducts.|
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